The Background on the National Electoral Commission of Tanzania
In
1991 the then President of the United Republic of Tanzania, His
Excellency Ali Hassan Mwinyi appointed a commission under the
Chairmanship of the late Chief Justice of Tanzania, the Honourable
Francis L. Nyalali. The task of that Commission was to collect public
opinion as to whether or not to continue with the one – party system.
Following
the recommendations by the Nyalali Commission, Article 3 of the
Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977 was amended to
make Tanzania a multi – party state.
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The
Political Parties Act, (No. 5 of 1992) was enacted to provide for the
registration of Political Parties. The Elections Act, (No.1 of 1985),
the Local Authorities (Elections) Act, (No. 4 of 1979) and related
legislations were also substantially amended to get rid of the one –
party system and to put in place appropriate procedures for the conduct
of Elections under the multi – party system.
In
1993 the National Electoral Commission was established under Article 74
(1) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977.
Members of the Commission were appointed for the first time, with effect
from 14th January, 1993.
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION
The
National Electoral Commission (NEC) is an autonomous government
institution. It was established in 1993 under Article 74(1) of the
Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977. The National
Electoral Commission shall consist of the following members:-
i.
A Chairman who shall be a Judge of the High Court or the Court of
Appeal of Tanzania or a lawyer who qualifies to be an advocate and
he/she has been with such qualifications for not less than 15 years.
ii.
A Vice Chairman who shall be a Judge of the High Court or the Court of
Appeal of Tanzania or a lawyer who qualifies to be an advocate and he
has been with such qualification for not less than 15 years.
iii. A member appointed from amongst the members of the Tanganyika Law Society
iv.
Four other members who are persons possessing either adequate
experience in the conduct or supervision of Parliamentary elections or
such other qualifications as the President of the United Republic of
Tanzania considers necessary for or pre-requisite to, the effective
discharge of the functions of the Commission.
According
to Article 74(7) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania
and Section 4(4) of the Elections Act, (No. 1 of 1985), the Director of
Elections is the Secretary to the Commission and Chief Executive.
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